Artificial Disc Replacement Surgery

What is an Artificial Disc Replacement Surgery?

Artificial disc replacement surgery replaces one or more degenerated or damaged discs with new, artificial ones. An artificial disc is a device that is implanted into the spine to perform the functions of a normal disc.

How is it done?

This back surgery generally takes one to two hours. It is performed under general anesthesia which means you will sleep through the surgery. The spine surgery involves removing the deteriorated disc from between the vertebrae and implanting an artificial disc in your spine made of metal and plastic. A general surgeon accesses the spine by making an incision over the area of the spine that is being treated. A discectomy is then performed to remove the remains of the patient’s herniated disc. An artificial disc is fitted to the area and then affixed to the gap in the vertebrae directly above and below the artificial disc.

Why is it done?

Artificial disc replacement surgery is performed to treat degenerative disc disease and chronic back pain while maintaining full mobility in the portion of the spine being treated.

Risks & complications

Complications in back surgeries such are this are infrequent and usually minor. However, as with any surgery, there are risks, including the possibility of:

• Nerve root damage leading to a sensation of numbness, tingling or weakness in the legs
• Tears to the protective coating around the nerves and spinal chord (dural tissue)
• Pain that persists or worsens after surgery
• Reaction to the anesthesia
• Infection requiring antibiotics and in some cases hospitalization
• Instrument problems -loosening of instruments after surgery

Risks can be reduced by following the surgeon's instructions before and after surgery.

Alternatives

The surgeon may discuss alternative approaches to the artificial disc replacement procedure, including disc fusion surgery. Injections, medication, chiropractic care and physical therapy may be offered in lieu of disc replacement or spine surgery.

Candidate eligibility

The best candidates for artificial disc replacement are healthy adults with strong bones who suffer from chronic lower back pain as a result of degenerative disc disease that does not respond to non-operative care. The surgeon will make the final determination of each patient’s eligibility for the procedure after an examination and consultation with the patient.

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